What is COVID-19? 

COVID-19 is a newer strain of the coronavirus family, a family of viruses that share a common structure. Other coronaviruses have circulated among humans and cause “mild illness, like the common cold,” according to the CDC. COVID-19, however, is a “different diagnosis.” Although it is in the same category as other coronaviruses, it is a different illness. 

Some parts of the coronavirus family affect humans, while others only affect animals. In a few instances, viruses have transmitted from animals to humans. Currently, COVID-19 is believed to have originated from animals, but it is unclear if the strain infecting humans is transmittable to them.

How does it spread?

COVID-19 primarily spreads through person-to-person contact with someone who has the virus. According to the CDC, while people are more contagious once they show symptoms, they can transmit the virus before then, in the 2-14 day incubation period after they contract the virus but are asymptomatic, symptomless. 

The virus can also survive on surfaces for a period outside the human body and can be transmitted through community spread. The CDC says, “Community spread means people have been infected with the virus in an area, including some who are not sure how or where they became infected.”

Who’s at risk? 

Although anyone can be infected, the severity of symptoms vary. Those most at risk for severe cases of the virus are those 65 years old and over and those with pre-existing conditions. Conditions like diabetes, liver disease, heart conditions can be risk factors. Immunocompromisation, having a weak immune system, and lung problems such as asthma can also lead to complications with fighting the disease and its respiratory symptoms. 

What preventative measures does the CDC recommend? 

The CDC recommends preventative measures like covering coughs and sneezes with tissue and regular hand washing. The CDC also recommends staying home if you’re sick, avoiding contact with sick people when possible, and washing “frequently-touched,” surfaces like doorknobs. 

They also recommend following local and state advice about closings and sheltering-in-place to help prevent the spread.

What are the symptoms to look out for? 

The virus causes fever, shortness of breath, and coughing. Cases range in severity. Some seem like flu, while others can be more severe. The CDC lists “emergency warning signs,” for severe cases of COVID-19, including trouble breathing, persistent pain or pressure in the chest, and bluish lips or face. Anyone with these symptoms should seek “immediate medical treatment.”

Who should get tested? 

Although testing is becoming more available, there still aren’t supplies to test everyone. The CDC recommends following local and state suggestions about testing, as some areas have been hit harder than others. They currently recommend testing for those with severe symptoms, those in at risk with symptoms, and medical professionals in contact with the virus who have symptoms. 

More information can be found here, in the Echo’s first article on the topic: https://nvhsecho.com/2219/news/new-coronavirus-strain-from-china-concerns-health-officials/